Radial flow turbine



June l936- R. o. J. MOLLER 4,

RADIAL FLOW TURBINE Filed July 26, 1955 m g I 1/ 7 Zzg..3.

Patented June 16, 1936 UNITED STATES when PATENT E'E'EQE Application July 26, 1935, Serial No. 33,371

' In Sweden June 6, 1934 5 Claims. (01. 253-) This invention relates to radial flow elastic fluid turbines of the double rotation type. When turbines of this type are arranged as bleeding turbines, the bleeding has hitherto taken place through apertures formed in the turbine discs as well as in the plates of the labyrinth packings situated outside said discs. Out of regard to strength it has not been practicable, however, to form too many and too large apertures in the turbine discs and this fact, in its turn, has restricted in a very high degree the amount of elastic fluid, as steam or gas, which could be bled as a maximum. In order to enable an increased bleeding it has been proposed to arrange an outer part or section of the blading for single rotation by substituting for the outer part or section of one rotary turbine disc a stationary wall carrying guide blades. By this arrangement it was possible to provide between said stationary Wall and the adjacent inner turbine disc an arbitrarily ample space through which the elastic fluid can be bled in any quantity desired. In this, case there may be provided a regulating element in the blade passage proper between the double rotation and the single rotation sections of the blading. In a turbine of this type, however, the two oppositely rotating shafts or journals will deliver unequally large powers due to the fact that one turbine disc carries fewer blade rings than the other turbine disc. If it is desired to cause the two shafts to deliver equally large powers which is, as a rule, the case, especially in respect of turbines the shafts of which are directly coupled to electric current producers, there must be arranged an auxiliary turbine in connection with one shaft.

The present invention has for its object to provide a radial flow turbine which is of the double rotation type to its whole extent and which allows, nevertheless, the bleeding of any desired quantities of driving fluid without interfering with the strength of the turbine discs.

The invention is characterized, chiefly, by the fact that one of the oppositely rotating turbine discs comprises two or more separate annular sections connected together by means of the moving blade rings carried thereby, inasmuch as the outermost blade ring of an inner disc section and the innermost blade ring of the adjacent outer disc section are connected together on the side of the passage between the blades remote from the disc sections, so that while maintaining double rotation of the whole blade system,

' bleeding openings of any desired radial width which extend uninterruptedly all around may be provided on one side of the turbine to permit extraction of driving fluid from one or more spaces formed in the blade system, a regulating element carrying sealing fins being provided in said space or in each of them in order to control the admission of driving fluid to the section of the blade system surrounding the space.

In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is an axial section of part of a turbine according to one embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is a detail View. Figs. 3 and 4 are axial sections of certain parts of modified embodiments.

With reference to Fig. 1, the numerals I and 2 indicate the shafts of the turbine rotating in opposite directions. Shaft l carries a turbine disc 3 and shaft 2 carries a turbine disc l the diameter of which is greater than that of disc 3. The turbine disc 3 and the corresponding portion of the turbine disc carry blade rings 5 to which driving fluid is admitted in the usual way from chambers B of driving fluid chests through apertures 1 formed in the turbine discs. The blade rings 5 form an inner blading surrounded by an outer blading 8 separated from the inner blading 5 by a space 9 of comparatively great radial width. The outer blading 8 is carried, in part, by the outermost portion of the turbine disc 4 and, in part, by a separate turbine disc ill. Said last-mentioned disc is connected to the turbine disc 3, inasmuch as the outermost blade ring ll of the inner blading 5 which is carried by disc 3 and the innermost blade ring 52 of a blading 8 which carries disc Ill are connected together on the side of the passage between the blades remote from the disc sections 3 and it. This connection is shown in Fig. 1 as represented by a radially extending annular wall l3 'formed integrally with the right hand supporting rings or said two blade rings.

The space 9 between the two bladings 5 and 8 communicates by a corresponding space between the two disc sections 3 and H! with a bleeding chamber i l provided in the turbine casing, said connecting space extending uninterruptedly all around. Leading from said bleeding chamber I4 is a bleeding pipe l5. Outside the turbine disc sections 3 and Hi there are labyrinth packings I6, I l, respectively, of which the former leads to chamber It. Outside the turbine disc i there is a labyrinth packing l8. Due to the fact that the connection between the space 8 and the bleeding chamber M is open all around, any desired fraction of the driving fluid which has passed the inner blading 5 may be discharged.

the throttling element shown in the drawing by an axial displacement'of ring I 9;. To this end there may be provided by the side of the ring [9 another ring 20 connected to the regulating ring l9 by means of an expansion ring 21, said ring" 20 being capable of axial displacement controlled by a pin 23 rotatably mounted in the turbine casing which is provided with'a handle 22,- the connection between said pin 23=andthe ring-ill..-v Theregu being efiected by a lever 24 (Fig. 2). lating ring I 9, for the sake of sealing, maybe provided with sealing fins to cooperate with the supporting rings of the blade ring 12 as well as with the turbine disc section 10.

In Fig. 1,-I have shown how to effectbleeding also on the side of the turbine remote fromthe bleeding chamber L To this end, the connecta ing disc |3-is formed with apertures 26, correspondingbleedingpassages 21 being formed in the disc 4 as well as in the-labyrinth packing l8; In Fig. 3 I have shown howto connect the two blade rings I I and I2. by means of 1 an: annular.

disc 25 which is not formed integrally with the supporting rings of the blade rings l l and':l2, but-- attached thereto by a rolling operation. Instead of a rolling operationfor effecting-saidattachment there may be used bolts orthe like,

In Fig. 4, on. the. contrary, a-connection-ris I shown which corresponds tothat shown in Fig. 1

with the exceptionthat the connecting-disc 13 between the bladerings .l lisunaperturedr In: Fig. 4 I have further shownan annular member 28 situated between the innerperiphery of the, disc l0 and the regulating rings!!! which is carried by the stationary plate of .the labyrinth pack-1 The object of thisannular .member'ZB is e to improve the sealing-eifect and to this end.the-

regulating ring l9' carries .additional lsealing fins:

to.cooperate with the member 28," as shown.

In addition to the bleeding device above described, the turbine, may, as shown in Fig. .1, beprovided with bleeding, and overload. passages: of well-known character comprising apertures formed in. the turbine discs and -.inathe platesof the labyrinth packings as well.-

What I claim is:

1. In.an.elastic fluid turbine, .two turbine discs for opposite rotation and bladerings carried bysaid' discsso as to forma radial flowblading=for double rotation, one of said discs-comprising-a plurality of axially spaced-annular.sections, theoutermost blade ring of an innerdiscsection being .directly connected with the innermost blade ring of the adjacent outer disc section on theside of the blade rings remote from the disc sections, so that said outer disc section is carried by-said innermost blade ring, thereby allowing. bleeding openings of any desired radial-width extending uninterruptedly all around to beprovided 'be-- tween said discsections for the extraction of elasticifluid from a stage of the. bladingwithoutrim -terfering with the doublerotation of the whole blading.

2: Inan elastic fluid turbine,..two turbine discs for'opposite rotation, blade rings. carriedby-said discs so as toform a.radial-fiowbladingdor :double rotation, one 'of said turbine discs com prising two or more separate annular sections spaced radially so as to form an annular opening extending uninterruptedly all around between the outer periphery of an inner disc section and the inner periphery of the adjacent outer disc 5 section, a connection between the outermost blade ring of an inner disc section and the innermost blade ring of the adjacent outer disc section on the side of said blade rings remote from the disc sections, .a radial space being provided between 10 said two blade rings in register with said opening, and a regulating element in said space to control the admission of elastic fluid to the blade ring surrounding the space.

3. In an elastic fluid turbine, two shafts for 15 opposite-rotation,'a'turbine disc on each shaft,

bladerings on said discs so arranged as to form aradial-fiow blading for double rotation, one 01 said turbine discs comprising two separate annularsections spaced radially so as to form an 20 annular opening extending uninterruptedly-all around between the outerperiphery of therinnerr disc section andtthe inner periphery of theouter' disc section,- asubstantially radially extendingrz annular-disc connecting the outermost blade ring; 252

of theinner disc section with the innermost bladea ring of .the outer disc section on the side of said. blade rings remote from the disc sections, a'space being providedbetween-said two blade rings in register with said opening, a regulating element 301:

said turbine discs, comprising two separate. an- 0* nular sections spaced radially so as to forman. annular opening, extending uninterruptedlyall'. around 'betweenthe outer. periphery. of the inner discsection and the. inner periphery of the outer disc section,. a substantially radiallyjextending45i;

annular disc connectingthe outermost bladering; of the inner. disc section with the innermost blade ring of the outer disc section on the .side of said blade rings remote from the disc sections,

ajspace being provided. between said two blade 5011' rings.in register withsaid opening, an.axially adjustable regulating ring in saidspace to control.the admission of elastic fluid to the blade ring surrounding the space, sealing finson the outer periphery of said regulating ring to cooperate with the inner periphery of said surroundingblade ring as well as with the inner periphery. oftheiouter disc section, .a turbine casing, anda' bleeding chamber provided in. said casing in" communication with said opening.

5. In an elastic fluid turbine, two. shafts'for. ope posite rotation, a turbine disc on each shaft, blade rings on said'discs so arranged as. to form a radial fiow'bladingfor double rotation, one of saiditurbine discs comprising two separate annular sec-; 5: tions' spaced radially so as to form an annularopening extending uninterruptedly all around between the outer periphery of the inner disc sectionand the inner periphery of the'outer disc section, a sub'stantially radially extending annu-qo' lar disc connectingthe outermost blade ringof the 'inner'disc-section with the innermost blade ring of the outer disc section onwtheside of said blade: rings remote from the disc sections, a space beingprovided between-said. two bladeringsin .752

register with said opening, an axially adjustable regulating ring in said space to control the admission of elastic fluid to the blade ring surrounding the space, sealing fins on the outer periphery of said regulating ring to cooperate with the inner periphery of said surrounding blade ring, a stationary ring inserted between the inner periphery of the outer disc section and said regulating rings, additional sealing fins on the regulating ring to cooperate with said stationary ring, a turbine casing, and a bleeding chamber provided in said casing in communication with 5 said opening.

RAGNAR OLOV JACOB MC'JILER. 

